Discussion About Genetically Modified Foods - 1529 Words

Do we encourage or ban genetically modified foods Discussion about Genetically Modified Foods Outline Introduction a. The genetically modified foods are a long issue which is widely debated. b. People feel confused about their safety. I. Views a.) Magana-Gomez’s argument. b.) He argues that negative effects of GM food were identified â€Å"at molecular and microscopic levels†. c.) Curieux-Belfond CL contends that the benefits of genetically modified foods far outweigh the disadvantages. II. Genetically modified foods: Beneficial views Adverse views a. What is the possible risk for genetically modified crops considering nutrition and health? b. Whether the economic effects are the most†¦show more content†¦At present, the transgenic enzymes are widely used in the food industry, such as maltose enzymes amylase, pectinase and the juice protease. The food nutritional quality modified by genetic engineering has also made remarkable achievements. For instance, the genetic engineering technology has been applied for seed protein improvement, which renders it possible to change the plant composition and amino acid content. Secondly, transgenic food has successfully lowered food prices and ensured food safety, which helps increase production and food supply while reducing the farm labor and pesticide applications, agricultural inputs and production costs (Weasel LH, 2009). In the future, GM crops have great potential in solving the food crisis. For instance, by applying transgenic technology to the human staple foods of rice and wheat, people can increase food production and improve nutritional quality, which will prov ide mankind with higher-quality food. Furthermore, GM foods have also proved effective in alleviating poverty and hunger. The world’s poorest 50% of the population are small and resource-poor farmers, while 20% living in rural areas without their own land actually depend on agriculture. Therefore, the increase in small-scale and resource-poor farmers’ income will directly assist 70% of the world’s poorest people (Curieux-Belfond O, 2009). So far, genetically modified cotton inShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Foods For The Health Of The General Public And The Environment1062 Words   |  5 Pagesgrocery store and food stand in the U.S. Packed full of full flavor and nutrition, granny smith apples hold another hidden secret in its sweet and sour flesh..it’s genetically engineered. Tangelos, nectarines, and plums are also among the foods that have been genetically engineered (ISAAA). Although GMOs (genetically modified organisms) and GM foods have been deemed safe for the environment and human consumption, there is an ongoing debate regarding the safety of genetically modified foods. Some peopleRead MoreThere Have Been Ongoing Debates About The Adoption Of Gmos1487 Words   |  6 PagesThere have been ongoing debates about the adoption of GMOs over natural food growth. Out of these discussions, there is a rising need to do research on genetically modified food verses naturally grown food. According to (Mary Colson., 2017), Genetically Modified food can be defined as a growing plant or animal that is modified and grows not a normal, natural way. The growth of this plant, animal or microorganism is triggered by altering its genetic material. The genetic material is usually changedRead MoreThe Ethics Of Genetically Modified Food1220 Words   |  5 Pagesproducing food for the population. One of these methods is genetically engineering food. Though genetically modified food is consumed by the majority of the American population, one must wonder, what are the ethics of it? How will it affect the consumer and the environment? Based on prior knowledge of this topic, I know that scientists change the genetic makeup of certain foods. I also know that different genes are inserted into different organisms. I imagine that the effects are genetically modifiedRead MoreGentically Modified Organisms are the Topic of Conversation718 Words   |  3 Pagesdecade or so, genetically modified foods and genetically modified organisms, also known as GM Foods and GMO’s, have been a never ending topic of discussion. GM Foods and GMO’s have adversely affected people’s health all over the world. GMO’s are developed through taking genes of different species, then combining them through genetic engineering. Neither of those things can happen naturally or out in nature. That should raise lots of red flags to our society already. Adding these altered foods into ourRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )879 Words   |  4 PagesWith a growing population there is fear that the world won’t have enough food to keep up. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) have been introduced as safe for human consumption to our market since 1996 without sufficient safety testing. Evidence points to no necessity for GMO food (not to mention harmful affects) and therefore it should be banned from the United States just like it has been in multiple other countries. Some things this paper will cover is how GMOs are made, who makes them, whatRead MoreGenetic Material From A Species1293 Words   |  6 Pagesthat we didn’t have to worry about during our simpler times; Things that we previously never thought about. When you’re a child, you just assume that the way things are is the way they are supposed to be. (If your parents seem okay with it like that, then can it even be any other way?) For example, it wasn’t until just recently that I’ve become concerned with student loans, car insurance, a career, and so forth. Something else that I’ve recently become concerned with is food. If genetic material fromRead MoreGmo Lab Report Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pagescertain processed foods contained Genetically Modified Organisms. Genetically modified food is an important subject in the world today. Ever since Flavr Savr came out with their tomatoes grown from genetically modified seeds in 1994 genetically modified foods has become ever more popular amongst distributors of produce (Mestel, 2013). The world’s population has grown by around one billion in the last decade (US Bureau of the Census). At this rate, Genetically Modified Organisms within food products willRead MoreGenetically Modified Crops - Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesGenetically modified crops; what are they? Crops that have been scientifically altered, to create a better species. Though crops can sometimes breed through cross-breeding, with genetically modified crops this is not the case. These crops have had pieces of DNA inserted into them to create a superior race. The reason we produce th ese superior species of crops are because they are often stronger, resistant to herbicides, quicker growing, and therefore cheaper to produce. That way, the community asRead Moreâ€Å"Challenges And Risks Of Genetically Engineered Organisms†.1655 Words   |  7 Pagesand Risks of Genetically Engineered Organisms†. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2004. I found this book through IUCAT and it is available as an online resource. This book was written and published as the result of an OECD, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Workshop on Challenges and Risks of - What Risk Analysis is Appropriate? Options for Future Policy Making Towards Integrated Agro-Food Systems. This book covers a wide variety of risks associated with genetically engineering ourRead MoreThe Effects Of Genetic Modification On The Environment And The Human Race1475 Words   |  6 Pagessolution to world hunger. There are other solutions that would not negatively harm the environment. The effects of genetic modification, good or bad, would affect everyone as this process is already wide spread. Although everyone has different opinions about the genetic modification of crops, it really comes down to whether solving world hunger is worth hurting the earth. Although the one possible way of addressing world hunger is the genetic modification of crops, there are other methods and negative

Corporate Strategy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1460 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Q1:Explain what you understand by corporate strategy? Ans:Corporate strategy deals with the specification of a company,or the best product of a company that can help the company to deal or compete with other companies. There are several ways that a company can adopt .A company could compete with other companies by minimizing the cost of its product or by increasing the quality of the product or by attracting the customers by advertisement.(467) 2. Describe the different types of corporate strategy that a firm can adopt.? Ans:There are three most common corporate strategies that a firm can adopt: . Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corporate Strategy" essay for you Create order Horizontal integration Verticle integration Diversification There are two major types of corporate strategies like single business and diversified.(448) 3. Provide a critical assessment of the usefulness of institutional theory for explaining cross-national differences and similarities in corporate strategy? Ans:Organizations are deeply rooted in Insitutional environment.It is widely accepted that national institutions strongly influence the behavior of firms. The institutional environment constructed by these institutions is or is not the same as a country. Some institutions, such as government policy, can vary within a country.For example, the state of Delaware has corporate laws that differ from those of most other states in the USA. Therefore, à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms in Delaware face an insti- tutional environment that differs from the ones in other US states. ‘However many of the key institutions that structure economic relationships vary signià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cantly between nation states’. Among these key institutions, a difference can be discerned between institutions that structure general patterns of trust, cooperation, identity and subordination in a society, and those that are more directly involved in the economic system and constitute the more direct business environment. Because our aim is to focus on institutions that are able to explain differences in corporate strategies, we will focus on the latter institutions, which Whitley calls ‘proximate social institutions’. The three major categories these institutions can be divided into are the political system, the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ nancial system and the labour system. In order to explain differences in corporate strategies between various countries, several scholars have identià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ed various institutional factors. (454) 4. Explain how the political, financial and labour market systems have an impact on the corporate strategies of firms. Ans: Political system Government policy can have a strong impact on co rporate strategies. Anti- trust laws can inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence corporate strategy. willingness of a government to share economic risks with private à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms is important. tax laws can have an inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence on corporate strategy, especially on the level of diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation. Financial system The way the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ nancial system in a country functions can also have an impact on corporate strategies, especially on the level of diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation in a country. Another aspect of the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ nancial system that can have an impact on corporate straegies is the market for corporate control. When there is a highly developed market for corporate control, it is easier for à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms to undertake hostile take-overs and, thus, easier to get access to other industries. Therefore, a highly developed market for corporate control can lead to more diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation. Nevertheless, it is important to note that a highly devel- oped market for corporate control also makes it easier to break up conglomerates through a hostile take-over and, by doing so, to end diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation. Ownership and boards are also mentioned as institutional factors that have an inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence on corporate strategies. Labour System: The labour system also inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uences corporate strategy. The way management development is organized can inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence the way managers rate different directions of diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation.(455-456) 5. Evaluate how industrial organization theory, transaction cost economics and agency theory can help to explain corporate strategy? Ans: Industrial Organization Theory: The structure of an industry determines the behaviour of the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms active in that industry, which, in turn, drives their performance. For example, if the concentration in the industry is low (i.e. there are many competitors with small market shares), à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms are expected to engage in à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ erce competition, which reduces their proà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ tability. In this view, à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms diversify because this gives access to market power, which reduces competition and, consequently, boosts their performance). Diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬  ed à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms can use several instruments to reduce competition). Cross-subsidization involves the use of proà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ts gained in one industry to support activities in another. Specià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cally, a diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ed à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm can afford ‘predatory pricing’, charging low prices that attract many customers, but do not cover all the costs. A single-business competitor, which presumably lacks the ‘deep pockets’ required to sustain low price levels, may eventually be forced to exit the industry. Transaction cost economics: In theory, activities in two different industries could be assigned to two independent à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms. Any necessary coordination between the two à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms could take place via the market. Agency theory Agency theory: Interests mattersfor everyone. Revolves around the conà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ict of interest between principal and agent. The agent is hired to perform some activity on behalf of the principal, but the agent also has his or her personal interests, which may urge him or her not to act in the best interests of the principal. (469-471) 6. Evaluate the explanatory power of dominant logic, the resource-based view, organizational learning and strategic contingency theory in the area of compara- tive corporate strategy? Dominant logic: A dominant general management logic is deà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ned as ‘the way in which managers conceptualise the business and make critical resource allocation decisions’. For corporate strategy, the implication is that the dominant logic of a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm’s top management team drives the portfolio of businesses that can be managed successfully. If the top management team has a single dominant logic, the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm should either stick to one business or diversify into businesses with similar strategic characteristics. Diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation into businesses with different strategic characteristics can only be successful if the top management team adopts multiple dominant logics, which, in turn, at least requires altering the composition of the top management team.Dominant logic could explain the success of some conglomerates with small head ofà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ces with limited management capacity. Their businesses may appear unrelated, but could, in fact, be strategically very similar. Moreover, dominant logic may explain the failure of takeovers that, beforehand, seem to offer a large potential for synergies. After the take-over, the businesses turn out to require different dominant logics, which the top management team cannot provide. Resource-based view: The resource-based view of the à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm can be seen as a response to the dominant inà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence on à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm behaviour and performance that industrial economics assigns to the industry. Instead, the resource-based view emphasizes a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm’s resources. If the resources possess certain characteristics, such as non-tradability, non-substitutability and non-imitability, they can serve as the source of competitive advantage for a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm.A à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm can use its excess capacity in resources in a different industry, leading to diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation , More à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡exible resources – in particular, à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ nancial resources – can also be used for unrelated diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation .Finally, only if the resources that are used for diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation have the characteristics required for competitive advantage, will diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ - cation increase à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm performance. Organizational learning perspective: The underlying premise of the organizational learning perspective is that organizations can learn from experience, which translates into future actions and their success.The organizational learning perspective ha s not been established as an important explanation of corporate strategy, but it does provide an interesting direction for future research. Strategic contingency theory: The à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ nal explanation of corporate strategy is provided by strategic contingency theory. The underlying notion is that a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ t between a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm’s strategy, on the one hand, and external and internal conditions or contingencies, on the other, increases performance. Consequently, corporate strategy can be seen as a response to various external and internal contingencies. Relevant external contingencies are government policy and market failure. An important aspect of government policy is anti-trust law. Through anti-trust law, policy-makers try to prevent large concentrations of power in an industry. If anti-trust policy is stringent and à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rms still want to grow, they are forced to expand in a different industry and thus diversify. Market failure as a n incentive for diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cation has already been discussed under transaction cost economics, above. If markets fail, coordination of activities in different industries within a à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm is more efà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cient. The à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rm then becomes diversià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ed.(471-473) Q7: Legitimize your own theoretical choice for understanding corporate strategy? Ans: Political system: Best choice for understanding the corporate strategy in Political system,Because In political system anti trust law can influence the corporate strategy.Willingness of Government is also very important.Tax system also influence the corporate strategy indirectly.(455) Q8. Assess whether and why corporate strategies will converge or diverge across countries? Ans:Corporate strategies diverge in countries because political system,Financial system,management systems are different for different countries.(467)

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Health Risks Of The Meat Industry - 1358 Words

Health Risks in the Meat Industry Over the past decade, the industrial food system has met the needs of American consumers. Food has been in great supply, from breads, to dairy products, to canned goods, to fillets. The meat industry alone has seen a rapid industrialization and provides its own unique challenges and risks. The meat in the grocery stores is plentiful, but it is very different today than it was prior to this rise in production. While the production numbers provide a very clear idea of how much meat American companies are harvesting and selling, the safety of the system is not so clear-cut. Many experts have weighed in their opinions; some critics call for a complete eradication of the industrial process, while some supporters praise the safety standards this system allows the meat industry to achieve. Two unique sources on the issue of safety, the American documentary â€Å"Food Inc.† and PBS’s â€Å"Frontline,† provide interesting points of view f rom different experts and will be analyzed. The safety of the meat industry is a very important issue to all consumers whether or not they purchase meat themselves because the meat industry sets an example that the other markets will follow. If any unsafe practices exist in meatpacking, they need to be dealt with for the wellbeing of all American consumers and all markets. The makers of â€Å"Food Inc.† sought to provide information and to identify practices in the food industry that could possibly upset consumers. Its purposeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Behind Meat and Meat Factories1404 Words   |  6 Pages Background/History Meat has been in our diet since the start of mankind. We eat meat everyday mindlessly. It is hard to avoid meat since it is everywhere we go. Meat is the majority of today’s food. There are very few vegetarian or vegan options in the food industry. Although, it has been growing more and more popular since it has become a lifestyle. The reason is to be the horrifying truth of today’s meat industry. For those who cannot bear the truth, pick up the vegetarian or vegan lifestyleRead MoreIs Vegetarianism Becoming Popular Food? Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagessociety, people are becoming more and more health consciousness and aware of their diets, causing scrutiny towards the effects of our eating habits have not only on our body and health, but on the earth and the environment. This awareness is causing the number of people with a vegetarian diet to rise. A vegetarian is someone who does not eat meat, but may sometimes consume animal products. Vegetarianism is becoming i ncreasingly popular because of the health benefits it provides, which includes increasedRead MoreMeat Is The Staple Of The American Diet1592 Words   |  7 PagesMeat has become a staple in the American diet. According to an article published by NPR, an average American was eating 207.7 pounds of meat per year in 2010 (Barclay). After research came to light linking cholesterol and saturated fat found in meat products to heart disease, new food and health guidelines have suggested lowering the amount of meat eaten in the average diet. The new USDA food guidelines, â€Å"MyPlate,† were formed in 2010 and propose eating 5  ½ oz. of protein foods a day for a basicRead MoreBeef Industry : A Radical Transformation1024 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to free range beef and mass produced beef, it is evident what side of the fence people stand on with their preference of beef. It is only within the last few decades or so that the beef industry has undergone a radical transformation. Beef means big business for agriculture and with meat being so readily available, it only means higher revenue for beef processing companies. On the other side of the spectrum, you have cattlemen and consumers wanting their beef farm raised without antibioticsRead MoreEssay on The Meat Industry969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Meat Industry The cattle industry produces vast amounts of strain in the environment. It is energy inefficient, pollutes water, occupies many acres of land, and deteriorates the health of the people who abuse its consumption. The government subsidizes this industry. Therefore, the price paid for meat doesn’t reflect the environmental hazards involved in the process. In order to protect our health and the health of the environment we should pay close attention to our food choices and make sureRead MoreEssay about The Benefits Of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets 1539 Words   |  7 PagesVegetarian and Vegan Diets Lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type two diabetes, diverticulosis, renal disease, and cancers are some of the few health conditions that people in the world face today. But what if individuals would change to a different diet to prevent disease and illnesses? Vegetarian, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, ovo-vegetarian, and vegan are some of the many types of diets people can choose from today that can lower the risks for diseases and illnesses such as theRead MoreThe Meat Industry Is Negatively Affecting America s Health And Well Being1409 Words   |  6 PagesI am really concerned about our eating habits in America, and I am beginning to wonder if the meat industry is negatively affecting America s health and well-being. During this course I have efficiently held that the meat industry is in high demand, because we have dramatically increased the amount of meat consumed over the last twenty years. My understanding of this topic is that animals such as cows and chi ckens are being mistreated; this due to them living in small compartments, and in unhealthyRead MoreThe Best Decision Anyone Can Make1426 Words   |  6 Pagesand be fit. It is very crucial to have a balanced diet so that their will be a lower risk for disease later in life. Therefore, people in society create diets geared towards their own interests. These interests can include what a person likes, what will be best for their body systems, or even just the persons beliefs or religion. Two common choices of food are vegetarianism or a high protein diet. Carnivores eat meat, while vegetarians substitute that protein for something better. Many tests comparingRead MoreAnimal Products Are Not Necessary For Good Health1475 Words   |  6 Pagesdosed with hormones and seen as byproducts, their rights being ignored and denied. Cutting meat and other animal products out of the â€Å"normal† lifestyle would benefit humans just as well as animals (â€Å"Vegan Diets: Healthy and Huma ne†). Animal products are not necessary for good health, and removing them would have a positive effect on human health all around. No longer supporting the dairy and industrial meat industry would benefit the environment just as much as the humans and animals that inhabit it.Read MoreAnimal Farming : Is It Or Not We Are A Nation Of Meat Eaters?1179 Words   |  5 PagesHow difficult would it be for you to include less meat in your diet? Believe it or not we are a nation of meat eaters. We’re the second highest meat consuming country with an average of 270 pounds consumed per person, per year (NPR). These high rates of meat consumption have greater impacts on the environment than any other foods we eat, not to mention the effects on our bodies and on those animals slaughtered. After exploring the vast amount of effects of animal farming I believe that we as a nation

To what extent do the novels Nineteen Eighty Four and the Road support or refute this view Free Essays

string(79) " and boy are searching for a place of hope, and it is a contrast with Winston\." The dystopian novels The Road and Nineteen Eighty Four demonstrate the push and pull between the utopian and dystopian societies in their narratives. Dystopian literature often seems to be a deterrent to the reader the nightmarish lifestyles presented to us by each individual protagonist characters dehumanized due to the desolate and barren lifestyles presented in each text. However, despite this, the bleak settings seem to send messages of optimism, and to some extent hope, through the interactions of characters in each novel. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent do the novels Nineteen Eighty Four and the Road support or refute this view? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In The Road the boy and the father are seen to be two people left who are not dehumanized by the new apocalyptic society. They do not conform to cannibalism, rape or murder; however their humanity is tested through the desolate landscapes and their lack of human contact and refusal to help those they do meet in this new society. Although the father only has the boy his humanity is clear as they are â€Å"each other worlds entire† showing he only lives for his son. We can also see the boy knows that without his father he would not be able to defend for himself and would be lonely. When the father asks him â€Å"what would you do if I died† the son replies â€Å"if you died I would want to die too/†¦. so I could be with you† This love between the boy and the father allows us to over look the apparent loneliness the boy has, with the humanity between the two characters shining through. Conflict does exist between the father and the son, when they have different opinions on whether to help fellow survivors or not, yet the conflict itself is not destructive as they always come to a joint decision. Jon Wilkins. Theoretical evolutionary biologist and professor at Santa Fe Institute believe the son and the father â€Å"are two individuals with separate wills but their paths and fates are inseparable†. McCarthy makes use of graphology, or rather a lack of it, to show how desolate and dehumanized life has become, or perhaps draws attention to the things in life that really matter when characters are travelling a dystopian landscape. The setting is said to be sublime. To expand the point, the author’s use of declarative sentences makes his prose bleak, and certainly positions the reader in such a way as to be able to empathise with the stark sense of grim reality that the man and boy are confronted with. McCarthy’s own remark that he sees no need to â€Å"blot up the page with weird little marks† using as little punctuation as possible, enables him to present a narrative whose prose is as scarce and unwelcoming as the actual highway itself. These sorts of structural decisions on the writer’s part add to the sense of inhumanity in The Road but ironically also contribute to the closeness of the relationship between the father and son – although the narrative may appear to lack conventional direction the relationship between the two characters certainly does not. Another way in which the human spirit seems to be alive in McCarthy’s dystopian landscape lies in the absurd nature of the world that is presented. The father and son must â€Å"keep walking to survive†, despite the fact that where they are walking to or from is not always clear. As a result their efforts often seem pointless given the inevitability of their death at the hands of roaming bands of cannibals. However, what is clear is that they repeat the same routine every day, drawing parallels to the absurdity of life – this alludes to thee Greek Mythology figure Sisyphus whose existence consisted of rolling a boulder up a hill only for it to fall down on a daily basis. Mundane as it is like a nightmare, it is repetitive nonetheless it is through this repetition that the two characters manage to develop their close bond. It may be the case that the absurd of their journey is dehumanising yet it is through this cyclical process that McCarthy allows their humanity to shine through. In terms of ‘The Road’ the man and boy must walk, just as Sisyphus had to roll, however the absurdity of their existence is somewhat lesser than that of Winston from Nineteen Eighty Four. Winston’s life is also presented as absurd. Orwell creates a world capable of inducing suicide. The narrative is filled with a nihilistic and soulless atmosphere, where there is no ‘God’ present, making the world seem like there is no meaning and no essence to life dehumanising the protagonist. This continues to the portrayal of the dangers of living in a totalitarianism society when has the main objective of control over its subjects to any extent emphasising the absurdity of life. Through oppression and stripping away basic human rights through extreme restriction making, Big Brother himself seems like an absurdist. Although there is no official law about it, it seems to be common knowledge what it is expected for them to do so they are not punished and placed in room 101. Orwell’s London becomes more absurd when there is no official rule to punish Winston, and therefore more dehumanising as it is difficult to tell what justice is if individuals can not be truthful on what you know is wrong and right, blurring the lines in terms of what the public know Big Brother is doing. Through the allusions to Everyman, where the Father in The Road, and Winston in Nineteen Eighty= four play as characters they also play a part of the Christian from the Pilgrims Progress, this is allude to the journeys and challenges presented to both of the men bringing another sense of optimism to themselves and to the reader. While this journey tends to out way the dangers and hardships they are going face on their way. McCarthy’s journey is a pilgrimage, the father and boy are searching for a place of hope, and it is a contrast with Winston. You read "To what extent do the novels Nineteen Eighty Four and the Road support or refute this view?" in category "Papers" He is searching for truth in a society that is created through lies, and manufactured stories of the past. Religion seems to be absent in The Road there is no god, but a slight biblical reference â€Å"There is no God, we’re his prophets† suggesting that he and the boy are meant to spread the knowledge of the last society. He said â€Å"if he is not the word of God, God never spoke†. McCarthy seems to use â€Å"taken them from this world†. So that we would think the prophets were taken from this world, and suggest a Religious war may have destroyed civilisation. Contrasted within Nineteen Eighty Four where religion is apparent and focused on the antagonist Big Brother as a god like figure although there is no formal religion. He seemingly has omnipotent and omniscient qualities that dehumanise those around him into fear of him as a substitute of patriotic feeling, as they know that â€Å"Big brother is watching you†. We see his use of power through the denial of the past and ever changing present that Winston has to work to keep the system working the way Big Brother wants it to. Thus creating a society with no memory framework, they can not be truly counted as real if they have no recollection events as they continue to change, they just go along with the next story because they have no way of thinking otherwise. This is familiar to how God can see everything and how it seems that they are continuously scrutinized this could dehumanise them as there is no sense of privacy, but in this society there is no way to avoid neither him nor can they get away from his followers. He also seems to be in a god like place as there is no way to tell where he is, or even if he exists at all. Although this could confuse the protagonists as they have their right to choose their own religion taken, so their individuality has been demolished and decided for them. Nevertheless it seems to give the impression of a very primitive religion based around human sacrifice, although the sacrifices themselves seem to be presented as punishment for those who are deemed evil under the acts of a powerful of the â€Å"saviour† represented furthermore dehumanising the protagonists as they have to choice but to be part of the sacrifice. Echoes of atravism behaviour are present in The Road with to us with the flashbacks the father has, each provoking a different feeling like with the Coca Cola he remembers a time when he was happy and then tries to hand over these memories to his son. It provokes a nostalgic feeling in the father. He also recalls the time where he was close to his wife, he wanted to save her scent although remembering this is dangerous as it distracts him from the grim battle between life and death against the bands of cannibals. However the son doesn’t appreciate this as he was born into the post apocalyptic world and does not share the feelings of his father. It is also evident when they enter houses the son is cautious of the house when the father seems to assume that the one from his past is safe like in the memories, and how to the father it brings a sense of home, in spite of this it is still dehumanising as he is estranging himself from the new world it also dehumanised him to knows it is impossible for him to get back to these times. The soulless nature in Nineteen Eighty Four suggests there is a lack of aspiration their lives are laid out for them; they have no spirit to do anything in a different way. Yet in spite of this experience Winston Smith offers hope to the reader through his actions, many of which present humanity in an optimistic light. For instance, there is â€Å"hope within the proles† as there are no restrictions as they are seen no better then animals, but they are free. Winston seems to be jealous when he watches the prole woman singing freely a song which was manufactured by the totalitarian world, making him have an ironic feel to it. In The Art of Fiction David Lodge suggests that Orwell’s novel should be read as prophetic as it was written for the future. This view adds weight to the argument that it is not just a book about stripping away humanity; if the reader sees it as prophetic then it would seem that Orwell is suggesting that the future might too hold hope, as well as the threat of inhumanity. Lodge remarks that â€Å"Orwell draws on many recognizable features of life in â€Å"austerity† post-war Britain, as well as on reports of life in Eastern Europe, to create a depressing atmosphere of London†. Orwell’s vision is bleak is beyond question, but to suggest that there is no hint of humanity and decency in the text would be missing one of Orwell’s key themes that he apposes alongside the cautionary nature of the book. Eventually, the worlds which Orwell and McCarthy create dehumanise the individuals from their societies in the protagonists eyes, therefore making them outcasts from their societies, the lack of justice present backs this, as they both have lost legal systems and punishments are not officially known, although in the Road justice as the new post apocalyptic society seems to be chaos. Winston is an outcast but no one else seems to care or even notices and therefore he is dehumanised although he does conform in the end, it is forced on him whereas the father and the son are outcasts within the Road as two of the few people left who are not dehumanized by the new apocalyptic society. They do not conform making them different as they try to hold on to the fathers past giving them aspects of atavism, and an outcast for it, these characters usually can not survive in the new society, Neither society is allowed privacy, someone is always looking into their lives whether they are a controlling leader or a cannibal How to cite To what extent do the novels Nineteen Eighty Four and the Road support or refute this view?, Papers

Bill Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe III Essay Example For Students

Bill Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe III Essay on August 19, 1946, in the small town of Hope, Arkansas. He was named after his father, William Jefferson Blythe II, who had been killed in a car accident just three months before his son was born. Needing to find a way to support herself and her new child, Bill Clintons mother, Virginia Cassidy Blythe, moved to New Orleans, Louisiana, to study nursing. Bill Clinton stayed with his mothers parents in Hope. There he was surrounded by many relatives who gave him love and support and who played a significant role in his upbringing. Bill Clintons grandparents, Eldridge and Edith Cassidy, taught him strong values and beliefs. They owned a small grocery store just outside of Hope, and despite the segregation laws of the time, they allowed people of all races to purchase goods on credit. They taught their young grandson that everyone is created equal and that people should not be treated differently because of the color of their skin. This was a lesson Bill Clinton never forgot. His mother returned from New Orleans with her nursing degree in 1950, when her son was four years old. Later that same year, she married an automobile salesman named Roger Clinton. When Bill Clinton was seven years old, the family moved to Hot Springs, Arkansas. Known for its natural mineral hot springs, its scenic beauty, and its racetrack, Hot Springs was bigger than Hope and offered better employment opportunities. Roger received a higher paying job as a service manager for his brothers car dealer-ship and Virginia was able to find a better job as a nurse anesthetist. In 1956. Bill Clintons half-brother, Roger Clinton, Jr., was born. When his brother was old enough to enter school, young Bill had his last name legally changed from Blythe to Clinton. In 1960, John F. Kennedy was elected President. Two years later, when Bill Clinton was a senior in high school, he was selected to go to Washington, D.C., to be a part of Boys Nation, a special youth leadership conference. The young men of Boys Nation and the young women of Girls Nation were invited to the White House to meet President Kennedy. Bill Clinton was one of the first in line to shake President Kennedys hand in the Rose Garden. That event was one of the most memorable, important experiences of his youth. After that, he knew he wanted to make a difference in the lives of the people of America by becoming President. That same year, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., gave his historic I Have a Dream speech at the foot of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. Bill Clinton watched the speech on television and was so deeply moved by Dr. Kings words that he memorized them. He admired Dr. Kings gift for communicating a clear vision and his ability to pull people together to work toward a common goal. Dr. King became one of Bill Clintons heroes. Inspired by the success of these leaders, young Bill thrived on the hard work that his academic and extracurricular activities required. As an active member of his church, he raised money and organized charity events. Most important, he learned about working with people and being a good citizen. In his spare time, he enjoyed reading. Some of his favorite books were The Silver Chalice, The Last of the Mohicans, The Robe, and Black Beauty. Playing the saxophone was his favorite pastime. He loved music, practiced every day, and played in jazz ensembles. Each summer, he attended a band camp in the Ozark Mountains. His hard work paid off when he became a top saxophone player at his school and won first chair in the state bands saxophone section. .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .postImageUrl , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:hover , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:visited , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:active { border:0!important; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:active , .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9 .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u110dcb32bc5bc8681c12387cfcc9d0e9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Abigail Williams The Crucible EssayBill Clinton recognized that although college would be expensive, it would give him the education he needed to accomplish his goals. His hard work in school, combined with his musical ability, earned him many academic and music scholarships. With the help of those scholarships and loans from the government, he was able to attend Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. He chose Georgetown because it had an excellent foreign service program; he was also excited about going to school in the nations capital. While earning his Bachelor of Science degree in International Affairs he worked as an intern in the office of Arkansas Senator J. William Fulbright. There he learned how government worked and what it was like to be a politician. He admired Senator Fulbright for his accomplishments and beliefs. When Bill Clinton finished college in 1968, he won a Rhodes Scholarship, which allows select students to study at Oxford University in England. While at Oxford, he studied government and played rugby. Upon his return to the United States, he began law school at Yale University. At Yale, he continued to work hard. He maintained his interest in government by campaigning for a Senate candidate in Connecticut. He also met Hillary Rodham, whom he would later marry. When he graduated from law school in 1973, Bill Clinton returned to Arkansas to teach law at the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville. There he could concentrate on his goal of running for political office. In 1974, he had his first opportunity when he ran for Congress against Republican incumbent John Paul Hammerschmidt. Although he lost the race, Bill Clinton learned much about politics and met people who have remained his lifelong friends. Hillary had joined him in Arkansas and helped him campaign. She also began teaching at the University of Arkansas. They were married on October 11, 1975. In 1976, Bill Clinton was elected Attorney General of Arkansas. Two years later, at the age of thirty-two, he became the youngest governor in the United States. As governor of Arkansas, he concentrated on improving the states educational system and building better roads. On February 27, 1980, the Clintons daughter, Chelsea Victoria, was born. The Clintons describe this day as the happiest one of their lives. Later that year, in a close election, Governor Clinton lost the race for a second term to Republican Frank White. Feeling that he had not accomplished all that he wanted to do, he ran as the Democratic candidate in the next gubernatorial election. Campaigning throughout the state, he assured the voters that he would address their needs, and he was re-elected in November 1982. Again, his most important goal as governor was to enhance the quality of education in the state. He raised teachers salaries and began a program of testing students after the third, sixth, and eighth grades. He also encouraged parents to participate in their childrens education. His new educational standards ensured that every child in Arkansas, regardless of the size or wealth of his or her community or of family income level, would receive a quality education. From August 1986 to August 1987, Governor Clinton served as chairman of the National Governors Association. During that time, he led the governors efforts to reform the welfare system and the educational systems of the states. By the fall of 1991, Governor Clinton believed that the country needed someone with a new vision and plan, and he decided to run for President. He also felt that he had the experience and the best ideas for changing our country for the better. He wanted to strengthen the health care system, to improve the school system, and, most of all, to bolster the economy and create new jobs. He brought his message to the country by going door to door, holding one-on-one talks with people in town hall meetings, and appearing on various talk shows. .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .postImageUrl , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:hover , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:visited , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:active { border:0!important; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:active , .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4 .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue3ad2c41e23802a68f716d10caad12a4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Richard Nixon EssayAfter a long primary process, Governor Clinton was nominated as the Democratic presidential candidate. He chose Senator Al Gore, of Tennessee to be his vice-presidential running mate. Together, Bill Clinton and Al Gore set out by bus to meet the people of America and to hear about their concerns and their hopes for the future. They campaigned on the concept of putting people firstpreserving the American Dream, restoring the hopes of the middle class, and reclaiming the future for the nations children. When election day arrived on November 3, 1992, voters turned out in record numbers to cast their ballots. Bill Clinton was elected the 42nd President of the United States and Al Gore the 45th Vice President. They had succeeded in bringing the people together in their efforts to change our country. Throughout his life, President Clinton has worked to make a difference in the lives of others. To him, Hope means more than a small town in Arkansas; it means working to ensure that each American has the opportunity to fulfill his or her dream.

Management of COPD Exacerbations

Question: Write summary of the articles on COPD. Answer: Article 1: Management of COPD Exacerbations The article research determined that 1.3 times exacerbations are increasing every year in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Effective management of a COPD exacerbation is becoming crucial which assist in reducing symptoms and risk of subsequent exacerbations. Such patient feel difficulty in breathing and its beneficial to promote inhaled therapy for them. In order to demonstrate effectiveness of intervention a randomized controlled trails have performed. Ways are given to manage outpatient and that are to increase the dosage of inhaled short-acting bronchodilators. The article also verified that antibiotic interventions help to minimize the risk of treatment failure. The article focuses on maintaining the safe environment which is a crucial part of COPD management. Safe environment maintenance should be the top priority of the patients relatives and healthcare workers. Safety of such patient within home and outside the home is needed to preserve their health and will also assist COPD patients in carrying out their daily activities in a safe manner (Evensen, 2010). The multiple patients data is tested and conclusions made in the study of the article. Safety mechanisms provided in the article foster safety around patient at home like ensure about adequate lighting, do not allow any person to smoke near you, place safety bars inside and outside the home. Article 2: The article talks about the ways of handling the patients and managing their health that are diagnosed with the COPD. It is mandatory to deliver care with the help of multidisciplinary team. Certain functions need to be considered at the time of defining activities of the multidisciplinary team. First function is to assess the need of COPD patients about oxygen therapy and inhaled therapy, further important thing is appropriately delivering those therapies to patients (Tidy, 2014). Next function is managing COPD patients and that can be done through pulmonary rehabilitation, managing their anxiety and stress, handling their dietary problems. It is important to aware patients and their family about the nutritional diet and physical activity. The article also gives information about the different therapies and the right time when patient can undergo with those therapies. Appropriate therapy for controlling breathlessness of patient is inhaled therapy; another important therapy for pati ent with advanced COPD is oral therapy and vaccination and antiviral therapy. Evaluation Evaluation of COPD patient on initial stage should incorporate the medical and family history of the patient and their current symptoms. The information need to collect at earlier time is what limitation the person observing while dealing with daily activities. Further needful information that would help patient treatment is reports of their previous chest radiographs, spirometry results and arterial blood gas measurement. These reports can help to diagnose the baseline functioning of lung and healthcare professional would illustrate typical exacerbation. There is no scope for confusion which can create hallmark in treatment. Next requirement is the physical examination of the patient which incorporates the evaluation of psychological status and examination of their heart and lung. The patients detected with COPD need special care from their family members and healthcare professional within house and out of the house. References Evensen, A. E. (2010). Management of COPD Exacerbations, 1;81(5):607-613. (2014). Management of Stable COPD.